Glossary

The entries selection comes from the book “Dictionary of Judaica” (2005), which was written by a group of authors led by Eva Kosáková . Entries were further processed by Jaroslav Kuntoš, Dana Veselská, Olga Sixtová, Michaela Scheibová and Lenka Uličná. The book can be purchased at our e-shop.

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Bible (Heb. Tanakh)

Comprising the Torah (the Five Books of Moses), Nevi’im (Prophets) and Ketuvim (Writings), the Hebrew Bible is called the Tanakh, based on the initial letters of each of the text’s three parts. It is written with Hebrew letters in two languages, Hebrew and Aramaic (parts of the books of Daniel and Ezdras). It is transcribed as a manuscript scroll (see Torah scroll and scroll of Esther) for the purposes of religious services and is printed in book form for the purposes of study. The Humash contains the Five Books of Moses, the Haftarot (sections from the Prophets) and the Five Scrolls. For study purposes, the Humash includes marginal notes by scribes with details on the writing and reading of the text (known as the Masorah) and exegetic commentaries. Square letters (see Hebrew script) are used for the original text of the Bible, while semi-cursive letters in the Ashkenazi script-style (known as Weiberschrift) are used for translations (e.g. Yiddish versions of the Torah). Bottle label: a label that is hung by a chain around the neck of a bottle to identify the wine used for the ritual toast during the Shabbat and holidays. It is often decorated with grape motifs and bears an identificatory inscription. Usually, it is made of silver or silver-plated coloured metals and is about 5 centimetres in size.

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